國標已經規定電熱水器必須安裝漏電保護裝置。國內品牌大部分采用的是防電墻技術,合資品牌主要采用三極斷開技術。
防電墻技術的工作原理是:通過增加電阻,減低漏電的電壓(12V),從而不會發生安全事故;
三極斷開技術采用敏感電子元件,一旦發生意外漏電,迅速(0.1秒)切斷地線、火線和零線,從而起到保護的效果;
出(chu)水斷電技術是(shi)在出(chu)水時(shi),自動(dong)切斷電源。原理(li)是(shi)在進水口(kou)加一個(ge)感應(ying)水流的裝置(zhi),可以是(shi)流量(liang)開關、干簧管、旋(xuan)流磁片(pian)等,當檢(jian)測(ce)到有水流動(dong)時(shi),感應(ying)裝置(zhi)給出(chu)信號,控制器自動(dong)切斷電源,保(bao)證無電使用狀(zhuang)態。
電熱(re)(re)水(shui)器在(zai)(zai)加熱(re)(re)過程會(hui)(hui)形成水(shui)垢,一旦水(shui)垢依附(fu)在(zai)(zai)發熱(re)(re)管(guan)上(shang)或(huo)者內(nei)膽(dan)上(shang)對(dui)電熱(re)(re)水(shui)器的性(xing)能(neng)都會(hui)(hui)大打(da)折扣(kou)。如果依附(fu)在(zai)(zai)發熱(re)(re)管(guan)上(shang),加熱(re)(re)效率降低(di),甚至(zhi)出現爆管(guan);依附(fu)在(zai)(zai)內(nei)膽(dan)上(shang),由于內(nei)膽(dan)受(shou)熱(re)(re)不均,也會(hui)(hui)導(dao)致內(nei)膽(dan)破裂。鎂(mei)棒(bang)可以(yi)防止結水(shui)垢保護內(nei)膽(dan)、發熱(re)(re)管(guan)。鎂(mei)棒(bang)在(zai)(zai)溶解水(shui)垢時形成鎂(mei)鹽(yan),從而損耗(hao)鎂(mei)棒(bang),一般而言最長每隔2年就(jiu)要(yao)更換鎂(mei)棒(bang),不然一旦鎂(mei)棒(bang)消耗(hao)完,電熱(re)(re)就(jiu)會(hui)(hui)形成很多(duo)水(shui)垢影響機子(zi)的使用(yong)壽(shou)命,并且(qie)不安全。
是的(de),接(jie)(jie)地(di)安全是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱水(shui)(shui)器(qi)安裝(zhuang)的(de)基本(ben)條件,家中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路接(jie)(jie)地(di)(地(di)線(xian))沒有(you)安全保(bao)證時不要(yao)(yao)選擇(ze)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱水(shui)(shui)器(qi)。購買后請(qing)嚴格按照使用(yong)(yong)說明書中(zhong)的(de)要(yao)(yao)求進行安裝(zhuang)和使用(yong)(yong),安裝(zhuang)的(de)時候,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱水(shui)(shui)器(qi)的(de)接(jie)(jie)地(di)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)很重要(yao)(yao),如(ru)果沒有(you)接(jie)(jie)地(di)線(xian),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱水(shui)(shui)器(qi)容易漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源插頭上的(de)“漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護”裝(zhuang)置(zhi)也會形同虛設(she),所以安裝(zhuang)前一定(ding)要(yao)(yao)檢查插座是否有(you)接(jie)(jie)地(di)線(xian)。
一(yi)般40L的電熱(re)(re)水器在(zai)1500W功率加(jia)熱(re)(re)到最高溫度,時間(jian)大約在(zai)50~60分鐘。2000W功率的情況下一(yi)般需要(yao)35~45分鐘。速(su)熱(re)(re)電熱(re)(re)水器20L在(zai)4000W功率下加(jia)熱(re)(re)時間(jian)約為(wei)16分鐘,根據加(jia)熱(re)(re)時間(jian)也(ye)可以判斷電熱(re)(re)水器的性能功率是否正常(chang)。
安(an)(an)全(quan)閥(fa)(fa)起單(dan)(dan)向(xiang)進水(shui)(shui)和超(chao)壓(ya)安(an)(an)全(quan)保護的(de)作用(yong)。在(zai)自(zi)來水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)力(li)突(tu)然增高或加(jia)熱(re)(re)過(guo)(guo)熱(re)(re)而造成內膽承壓(ya)過(guo)(guo)大時,安(an)(an)全(quan)閥(fa)(fa)就會自(zi)動滴(di)漏泄(xie)(xie)壓(ya),不(bu)至于因(yin)壓(ya)力(li)過(guo)(guo)高而損壞內膽。所以(yi)說在(zai)加(jia)熱(re)(re)過(guo)(guo)程中,安(an)(an)全(quan)閥(fa)(fa)緩慢滴(di)水(shui)(shui)是(shi)(shi)正常正象,并不(bu)是(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)器質(zhi)量問題。這(zhe)也提(ti)醒(xing)用(yong)戶使用(yong)熱(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)器時,進水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)力(li)不(bu)能太高,以(yi)免造成安(an)(an)全(quan)閥(fa)(fa)滴(di)水(shui)(shui)嚴重。處理方法:關閉(bi)進水(shui)(shui)閥(fa)(fa),把混水(shui)(shui)閥(fa)(fa)旋鈕調到高溫處打開(kai)即可(ke)避免單(dan)(dan)向(xiang)安(an)(an)全(quan)閥(fa)(fa)的(de)漏水(shui)(shui)現(xian)象,使水(shui)(shui)從花灑(sa)中滴(di)出(chu);如果未安(an)(an)裝混水(shui)(shui)閥(fa)(fa),可(ke)把出(chu)熱(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)閥(fa)(fa)打開(kai)一(yi)點,進行泄(xie)(xie)壓(ya),這(zhe)樣也可(ke)避免單(dan)(dan)向(xiang)安(an)(an)全(quan)閥(fa)(fa)的(de)漏水(shui)(shui)現(xian)象。最(zui)后如無法控制安(an)(an)全(quan)閥(fa)(fa)滴(di)水(shui)(shui)現(xian)象,建議(yi)在(zai)安(an)(an)全(quan)閥(fa)(fa)前加(jia)裝一(yi)個減壓(ya)閥(fa)(fa)。
電(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)器內(nei)(nei)膽(dan)總(zong)是裝滿水(shui)(shui)的(de)并有一(yi)定(ding)(ding)壓力。當通(tong)電(dian)(dian)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)到設定(ding)(ding)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)時(shi),溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器切斷供應加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)的(de)電(dian)(dian)源。當熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)流出后,冷水(shui)(shui)進入內(nei)(nei)膽(dan),溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)傳感器被冷水(shui)(shui)冷卻,溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器接通(tong)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)的(de)電(dian)(dian)源,加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)工作(zuo)。冷水(shui)(shui)被加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)直(zhi)至達到設定(ding)(ding)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)。內(nei)(nei)膽(dan)里的(de)所(suo)有水(shui)(shui)保持這一(yi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du),直(zhi)到熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)被放出。
(1)一般在使用一段時間后發熱管絕緣性能會出現下降現象,測量時絕緣電阻值不穩定,當漏電電流超過一定數值時,漏電保護器插頭就會立即智能處理:檢
查排除原因,必要時更換發熱管。
(2)當漏電保護插頭與插座接觸不良時,產生的電火花致使溫度過高,使溫敏器開關產生錯誤智能處理:更換插座。
(3)當漏電保護插頭與超溫保護器出現故障時:檢查更換超溫保護器或漏電保護插頭。
(4)當任何帶電元器件與機殼之間產生漏電時,都會產生熱水器正常加熱工作狀態下突然跳閘:檢查漏電原因排除更換元器件。
主要原因是(shi):電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源插(cha)座(zuo)無電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或接觸(chu)不良(liang);溫控器失靈(ling)(ling)或發(fa)熱管(guan)及其(qi)他部位有漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian);處理方法:先用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)筆(bi)檢查(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源插(cha)座(zuo)是(shi)否(fou)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)及漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護插(cha)頭與插(cha)座(zuo)的接觸(chu)是(shi)否(fou)良(liang)好,再(zai)按(an)下漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護插(cha)頭的復(fu)位按(an)鈕,即可(ke)恢復(fu)正常。如不能復(fu)位的,肯定有漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象,用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)筆(bi)檢查(cha)是(shi)否(fou)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),如漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)筆(bi)查(cha)明漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)部位,設(she)法消除漏(lou)(lou)(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian);可(ke)檢查(cha)溫控器是(shi)否(fou)失靈(ling)(ling),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱管(guan)是(shi)否(fou)損壞。
接地(di)異常是(shi)指用戶(hu)(hu)電(dian)源插座中電(dian)源相位存(cun)在(zai)(zai)著嚴重(zhong)問題(ti),如缺地(di)線、零火(huo)線調反、地(di)線帶電(dian)等(deng)可能性。雖然電(dian)熱水器能正常加熱使(shi)用,但(dan)實(shi)際中存(cun)在(zai)(zai)嚴重(zhong)的(de)安全危(wei)害。要求用戶(hu)(hu)安排(pai)專業電(dian)工對自(zi)身的(de)用電(dian)情況進行檢查和維修,以排(pai)除用電(dian)危(wei)害。
發(fa)熱(re)管插頭與電(dian)源線(xian)連(lian)接(jie)部位(wei)接(jie)觸(chu)不良或斷(duan)線(xian):檢查(cha)發(fa)熱(re)管是(shi)(shi)否已壞,檢查(cha)電(dian)源連(lian)接(jie)線(xian)是(shi)(shi)否良好:更換發(fa)熱(re)管、或更換連(lian)接(jie)線(xian)。
溫控(kong)(kong)器連接部位接觸不良或斷線、指示燈(deng)已壞:檢查溫控(kong)(kong)器及(ji)指示燈(deng)排除更換(huan)元件(jian)。溫控(kong)(kong)器燒斷:更換(huan)溫控(kong)(kong)器.